Figure 1. Radiographic findings of cases.
| International Journal of Clinical Pediatrics, ISSN 1927-1255 print, 1927-1263 online, Open Access |
| Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, Int J Clin Pediatr and Elmer Press Inc |
| Journal website http://www.theijcp.org |
Original Article
Volume 4, Number 2-3, October 2015, pages 149-153
Assessment of Anemia as a Risk Factor for Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in Children: A Case-Control Study
Figures
Tables
| Age (months) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cases | Controls | |||||||
| 7 - 24 | 25 - 42 | 43 - 60 | Total | 7 - 24 | 25 - 42 | 43 - 60 | Total | |
| Male | 44 | 6 | 3 | 53 | 46 | 4 | 2 | 52 |
| Female | 35 | 8 | 4 | 47 | 36 | 9 | 3 | 48 |
| Total | 79 | 14 | 7 | 100 | 82 | 13 | 5 | 100 |
| Clinical features | Cases (%) | Controls (%) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Symptoms | |||
| Cough | 100 | 3 | 0.00 |
| Fever | 88 | 82 | 0.23 |
| Fast breathing | 79 | 3 | 0.00 |
| Poor feeding | 30 | 25 | 0.42 |
| Noisy breathing | 21 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Convulsions | 5 | 23 | 0.00 |
| Vomiting | 9 | 21 | 0.17 |
| Loose stools | 11 | 40 | 0.00 |
| Irritability | 17 | 19 | 0.71 |
| Abdominal pain | 3 | 18 | 0.01 |
| Sore throat | 0 | 7 | 0.007 |
| Signs | |||
| Cyanosis | 5 | 0 | 0.24 |
| Chest indrawings | 63 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Rhonchi | 29 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Crepitations | 41 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Crepitations and rhonchi | 13 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Dehydration | 4 | 28 | 0.00 |
| OR (95% CI) | P value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hb ≤ 11 g/dL | 72 | 34 | 4.99 (2.73 - 9.1) | 0.00 |
| Hb > 11 g/dL | 28 | 66 | - | - |
| Cases | Controls | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anemia | ||||||||||||||
| Age (months) | 7 - 24 | 25 - 42 | 43 - 60 | Total | 7 - 24 | 25 - 42 | 43 - 60 | Total | ||||||
| Gender | M | F | M | F | M | F | M | F | M | F | M | F | ||
| n | 29 | 25 | 6 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 72 | 16 | 13 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 34 |
| IDA | ||||||||||||||
| Age (months) | 7 - 24 | 25 - 42 | 43 - 60 | Total | 7 - 24 | 25 - 42 | 43 - 60 | Total | ||||||
| Gender | M | F | M | F | M | F | M | F | M | F | M | F | ||
| n | 24 | 23 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 62 | 11 | 8 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 21 |
| Parameter | Cases | Controls | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean hemoglobin (g%) | 9.2 | 11.4 | 0.00 |
| Mean MCV (fL) | 64.49 | 78.36 | 0.00 |
| Mean MCH (pg) | 19.92 | 25.97 | 0.00 |
| Mean MCHC (g/dL) | 31.13 | 32.52 | 0.00 |
| RDW (% age) | 17.07 | 13.82 | 0.00 |
| Serum iron (µg/dL) | 36 | 71 | 0.03 |
| Mean serum ferritin (ng/mL) | 40.21 | 85.15 | 0.00 |
| Mean TIBC (µg/dL) | 396 | 328 | 0.001 |